The Hoax of SARA (Tribe, Religion, Race, and Intergroup) as a Threat to the Ideology of Pancasila Resilience
Abstract
The subject of this research is to provide an overview of the mechanisms and schemes of hoax news spreading. Research is also trying to provide an explanation threat of hoaxes about SARA (Tribe, Religion, Race, and Intergroup) towards the resilience of the Pancasila ideology. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method by describing the results of the 2019 Mastel survey of national hoax outbreaks using the Pancasila ideology approach as a perspective of the study. The results showed that the hoax on the issue of SARA was the second most widely hoax news content received by the public with the popular channels for hoax distribution is social media, with a kind of text messaging. A hoax about SARA is the most frequently accepted hoaxes in the community every day. The scheme of spreading hoax news is by spreading slander to political opponents, excessive branding of leader/figure, fake testimony, irresponsible quotation, and bombastic photos or titles. Hoax news about SARA issues poses a severe threat to Indonesia's unity because triggering controversy, public unrest, sectarian sentiment, intolerance of political instability, and security disturbances.
References
Anshar, T. (2019). Pengaruh Hoax Bagi Kehidupan Bernegara. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Assidik, G. K. (2018). Kajian Identifikasi dan Upaya Penangkala Pemberitaan Palsu (Hoax) Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Kongres Bahasa Indonesia, 1–20.
Astrini, A. (2017). Hoax dan Banalitas Kejahatan. Transformasi, II(32), 92–98.
Azanella, L. A. (2019). “Cek Fakta: Jokowi Sebut Ada 714 Suku dan 1.001 Bahasa di Indonesia.” Kompas.Com.
Ellcessor, E. (2017). Cyborg hoaxes: Disability, deception, and critical studies of digital media. New Media and Society, 19(11), 1761–1777. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816642754
Evelina, L. W. (2015). Analisis Isu S (Suku) A (Agama) R (Ras) A (Antar Golongan) Di Media Social Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Ultima Comm, VII(1), 5.
Faqihuddin, N. H. (2018). Ancaman Hoax Terhadap Sila Persatuan Indonesia Dan Pentingnya Literasi Media.
Finneman, T., & Thomas, R. J. (2018). A family of falsehoods: Deception, media hoaxes, and fake news. Newspaper Research Journal, 39(3), 350–361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739532918796228
Fletcher, R., Cornia, A., Graves, L., & Nielsen, R. K. (2018). Measuring The Reach of “Fake News” and online disinformation in Europe. In the Reuters Institute University of Oxford.
Gumelar, G., Erik, & Maulana, H. (2020). The Effect of Need for Cognition and Need for Affection on The Intention of Spreading Fake News. Peuradeun, 8(1), 99–108.
Juditha, C. (2019). Agenda Setting Penyebaran Hoaks di Media Sosial. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 22(2), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.20422/jpk.v22i2.669
Juliswara, V. (2017). Mengembangkan Model Literasi Media Yang Berkebhinekaan Dalam Menganalisis Informasi Berita Palsu (Hoax) di Media Sosial. Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi, 4(2), 142–164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22146/jps.v4i2.28586
Kaelan. (2002). Filsafat Pancasila Pandangan Hidup Bangsa Indonesia. Paradigma.
Mastel. (2019). Hasil Survey Wabah Hoax Nasional 2019. Website Masyarakat Telematika Indonesia, 35. https://mastel.id/hasil-survey-wabah-hoax-nasional-2019/
Mastel. (2017). Hasil Survey Mastel Tentang Wabah Hoax Nasional. In Mastel. http://mastel.id/press-release-infografis-hasil-survey-mastel-tentang-wabah-hoax-nasional/
Meinarni, N. P. S., & Iswara, I. B. A. I. (2018). Hoax and its Mechanism in Indonesia. ICCSR 2018, November, 183–186. https://doi.org/10.2991/iccsr-18.2018.39
Mihailidis, P., & Viotty, S. (2017). Spreadable Spectacle in Digital Culture: Civic Expression, Fake News, and the Role of Media Literacies in “Post-Fact” Society. American Behavioral Scientist, 61(4), 441–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764217701217
Molina, M. D., Sundar, S. S., Le, T., & Lee, D. (2021). “Fake News” Is Not Simply False Information: A Concept Explication and Taxonomy of Online Content. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(2), 180–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764219878224
Mulawarman, M., & Nurfitri, A. D. (2017). Perilaku Pengguna Media Sosial beserta Implikasinya Ditinjau dari Perspektif Psikologi Sosial Terapan. Buletin Psikologi, 25(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.22146/buletinpsikologi.22759
Pratnyawan, A. (2019). Pengguna Instagram dan Facebook Indonesia Terbesar ke-4 di Dunia. Suara.Com.
Rahadi, D. R. (2018). Perilaku Pengguna Dan Informasi Hoax Di Media Sosial. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 5(1), 58–70. https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v5i1.1342
Rahardja, U., Lutfiani, N., Lestari, A. D., & Manurung, E. B. P. (2019). Inovasi Perguruan Tinggi Raharja Dalam Era Disruptif Menggunakan Metodologi iLearning. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi Asia, 13(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.32815/jitika.v13i1.298
Rahutomo, F., Pratiwi, I. Y. R., & Ramadhani, D. M. (2019). Eksperimen Naïve Bayes Pada Deteksi Berita Hoax Berbahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi Dan Opini Publik, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.33299/jpkop.23.1.1805
Salam, A. (2018). The Hoax Phenomenon in Indonesian Society: Observing Anti-Diversity Memes since 2014. Jurnal Humaniora, 30(3), 315. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v30i3.38891
Sellnow, T., Parrish, A., & Semenas, L. (2019). From Hoax as Crisis to Crisis as Hoax: Fake News and Information Disorder as Disruptions to the Discourse of Renewal. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 2(1), 121–142. https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.2.1.6
Septanto, H. (2018). Pengaruh Hoax dan Ujaran Kebencian Sebuah Cyber Crime Dengan Teknologi Sederhana di Kehidupan Sosial Masyarakat. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 5(2), 157–162.
Taufiq, M., S., & Widyaningsih, R. (2016). Forms and Mechanisms of Law Dispute Resolution Using the Principle of Pancasila Based on Local Wisdom. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 16(1), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2016.16.1.399
Utami, P. (2019). Hoax in Modern Politics: The Meaning of Hoax in Indonesian Politics and Democracy. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 22(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.34614
Widyaningsih, R., & Kuntarto. (2019). Local Wisdom Approach to Develop Counter- Radicalization Strategy. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 255(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/255/1/012049
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: (1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal; (2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal; (3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
