Residents Perceptions of Tourism Development and Activities: The Case of Mongolia as a Developing Country with a Small Market
Abstract
The status of Mongolia’s tourism industry is related to the level of participation of residents and, first of all, their positive and negative perceptions of the impact of tourism. As they are an irreplaceable stakeholder in tourism, they are generally moving towards an approach that involves them in participatory tourism activities. The basic understanding of local people in Mongolia about the impact of tourism, their distinguishing features, and the interrelationship between the effects aims to explain that local people are essential participants in tourism. The survey was conducted in 2021 using a random sampling method with four groups of 10 each and a total of 40 closed-ended questionnaires related to the TDA. A total of 4415 residents participated. As a result of the research, local people perceived the impact of economic, social, cultural, environmental, state, and administrative activities caused by the TDA differently as positive and negative, and these effects were found to be positively and strongly correlated. The current average level of knowledge of residents about the impact of tourism proves that “residents” have become one of the leading players in tourism, and in the future, the concept of “participatory” tourism should be reflected in development plans.
References
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Eshliki, S. A., & Kaboudi, M. (2012). Community Perception of Tourism Impacts and Their Participation in Tourism Planning: A Case Study of Ramsar, Iran. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 36, 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.037.
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Gu, X., Hunt, C. A., Lengieza, M. L., Niu, L., Wu, H., Wang, Y., & Jia, X. (2021). Evaluating Residents’ Perceptions of Nature-Based Tourism with a Factor-Cluster Approach. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010199.
Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., & Dyer, P. (2009). An Examination of Locals’ Attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(4), 723-726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2009.06.003.
Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident Attitudes a Structural Modeling Approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 79–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00028-7.
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Hoffman, B. (2014). Drug Consumption Tourism as a Social Phenomenon. Trakia Journal of Science, 12(4), 455–460. https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2014.04.017.
Huang, S., & Hsu, C. H. C. (2005). Mainland Chinese Residents’ Perceptions and Motivations of Visiting Hong Kong: Evidence from Focus Group Interviews. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 10(2), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660500135977.
Huang, Y.-H., & Stewart, W. P. (1996). Rural Tourism Development: Shifting Basis of Community Solidarity. Journal of Travel Research, 34(4), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759603400404.
Huh, C., & Vogt, C. A. (2008). Changes in Residents’ Attitudes toward Tourism over Time: A Cohort Analytical Approach. Journal of Travel Research, 46(4), 446–455. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507308327.
Jaafar, M., Rasoolimanesh, S. M., & Ismail, S. (2017). Perceived socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism and Community Participation: A Case Study of Langkawi Island. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 17(2), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415610373.
Jones, T. M., & Wicks, A. C. (1999). Convergent Stakeholder Theory. Academy of Management Review, 24(2), 206–221.
Jurowski, C., Uysal, M., & Williams, D. R. (1997). A Theoretical Analysis of Host Community Resident Reactions to Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759703600202.
Khoshkam, M., Marzuki, A., & Al-Mulali, U. (2016). Socio-Demographic Effects on Anzali Wetland Tourism Development. Tourism Management, 54, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.10.012.
Kim, W., Jun, H. M., Walker, M., & Drane, D. (2015). Evaluating the Perceived Social Impacts of Hosting Large-Scale Sport Tourism Events: Scale Development and Validation. Tourism Management, 48, 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.015.
Ko, D.-W., & Stewart, W. P. (2002). A Structural Equation Model of Residents’ Attitudes for Tourism Development. Tourism Management, 23(5), 521-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00006-7.
Látková, P., & Vogt, C. A. (2012). Residents’ Attitudes toward Existing and Future Tourism Development in Rural Communities. Journal of Travel Research, 51(1), 50–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510394193.
Leblanc, G. (1992). Factors Affecting Customer Evaluation of Service Quality in Travel Agencies: An Investigation of Customer Perceptions. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759203000402.
Liu, X. (Rose), & Li, J. (Justin). (2018). Host Perceptions of Tourism Impact and Stage of Destination Development in a Developing Country. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(7), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072300.
Manan, A., Wirianto, D., Fadhilah, M., & Kamarullah, K. (2023). Halal Tourism: A Proposed Sharia Model for Implementation. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 11(1), 81-100. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v11i1.784
Meleddu, M. (2014). Tourism, Residents’ Welfare and Economic Choice: A Literature Review. Journal of Economic Surveys, 28(2), 376–399. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12013.
Moraru, A.-D. (2021). Residents-Tourists Relationships-The Influence of the Socio-Demographic Characteristics on the Residents’ Attitude toward Tourism. Management&Marketing, 19(1), 131–137. http://mnmk.ro/en/documents/2021_1/9-11-1-21.pdf.
Muresan, I. C., Oroian, C. F., Harun, R., Arion, F. H., Porutiu, A., Chiciudean, G. O., Todea, A., & Lile, R. (2016). Local Residents’ Attitude toward Sustainable Rural Tourism Development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 8(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8010100.
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Published
2023-09-30
How to Cite
MUNKHUU, Bilegsaikhan; SUKHRAGCHAA, Amarjargal; BADARCH, Lkhamtseden.
Residents Perceptions of Tourism Development and Activities: The Case of Mongolia as a Developing Country with a Small Market.
Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 3, p. 1115-1138, sep. 2023.
ISSN 2443-2067.
Available at: <https://journal.scadindependent.org/index.php/jipeuradeun/article/view/988>. Date accessed: 12 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v11i3.988.
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Articles
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