Self-Efficacy of the University Students’ TOEFL Performance: Differences in the Test Skill and English Skills in TOEFL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v8i3.386Keywords:
Self-Efficacy, TOEFL, Test Skill, English SkillAbstract
This study aimed at reporting differences in terms of the university students’ TOEFL self-efficacy in the test skill and the English skills tested in TOEFL namely listening, structure, and reading. In conducting the study, the explanatory sequential mixed method was used as the study design, where the quantitative data from the survey was conducted first followed by the follow-up interview as the qualitative data. To collect the data in this study, a specifically designed self-efficacy questionnaire of TOEFL was distributed to the total sample of 200 university students across different disciplines from Syiah Kuala University and the University of Serambi Mekkah. The interview was then conducted with 3 selected students to have a deeper understanding of the study result. In terms of the data analysis, one-way ANOVA and t-test were used to describe the quantitative data, while the qualitative data was described and elaborated in words with detailed explanations. The result showed that there was a significant difference among the test skill and the English skills in TOEFL, where F= 13.61 (3, 796), p<0.05. The result also revealed that within the gender, only reading skill had a significant difference, where t198= -2.003, p <. 005, and within the language course participation, all the test skills and TOEFL skills were significantly different as the p-value of each skill was smaller than .005 (p< .005).
References
Agri, D., Berry, A., Arandia, J., & Anastasia, E. (2018). Framework for Analysing Educational Equity in the English Education System. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 6(2), 339-358. doi:10.26811/peuradeun.v6i2.303
Ananda, R. (2016). Problems with Section Two ITP TOEFL Test. Studies in English Language and Education, 3(1), 35-49.
Asgarabadi, Y. H., Rouhi, A., & Jafarigohar, M. (2015). Learners' Gender, Reading Comprehension, and Reading Strategies in Descriptive and Narrative Macro-Genres. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(12), 2557-2564.
Australian Awards in Indonesia. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.australiaawardsindonesia.org/index.php/content/158/12/general-requirements?sub=true.
Bandura, A. (1995). Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for Constructing Self-Efficacy Scales. In F. Pajares & T. Urdan (Eds.), Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Adolescents (pp. 307-337). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
Chen, G., Casper, W. J., & Cortina, J. M. (2001). The Roles of Self-Efficacy and Task Complexity in the Relationships among Cognitive Ability, Conscientiousness, and Work-Related Performance: A Meta-Analytic Examination. Human Performance, 14(3), 209-230.
Collins, S. J., & Bissell, K. L. (2004). Confidence and Competence among Community College Students: Self-Efficacy and Performance in Grammar. Community College Journal of Research & Practice, 28(8), 663-675.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
Dewi, I. I., Darna, D., & Suprato, D. (2015). The Changes of Students’ TOEFL Score after One Year Learning. Humaniora, 6(4), 507-519.
Field, A. (2014). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed.). London: Sage.
Genç, G., Kuluşaklı, E., & Aydın, S. (2016). Exploring EFL Learners’ Perceived Self-Efficacy and Beliefs on English Language Learning. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 41(2), 53-68.
Hayes, B., & Read, J. (2004). IELTS Test Preparation in New Zealand: Preparing Students for the IELTS Academic Module. In L. W. Cheng, Y. J. Watanabe & A. Curtis (Eds.), Washback in Language Testing: Research Contexts and Methods (pp. 97–111). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Ish, R. A. E. S., & Rozali, Y. A. (2016). Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar pada Peserta Mata Kuliah TOEFL 2: Studi pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2014 Reguler Aktif di Semester Ganjil 2015/2016 Universitas Esa Unggul. (The Correlation between Self-Efficacy and Learning Achievement of TOEFL 2 Students: A Study of 2014 Regular and Active Students in Odd Semester 2015/2016 of Esa Unggul University) Unpublished Undergraduate thesis. Universitas Esa Unggul – Jakarta. Retrieved from http://digilib.esaunggul.ac.id/hubungan-self-efficacy-dengan-prestasi-belajar-pada-peserta-mata-kuliah-toefl-2-studi-pada-mahasiswa-angkatan-2014-reguler-aktif-di-semester-ganjil-20152016-universitas-esa-unggul-7108.html.
Isty, R. A., Azhar, F., & Ras, F. (2017). Correlation between Self-Efficacy and the Listening Comprehension of the Eighth-Semester Students of English Study Program FKIP-UR. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Riau, 4(2), 1-5.
Kitikanan, P., & Sasimonton, P. (2017). The Relationship between English Self-Efficacy and English Learning Achievement of L2 Thai Learners. Language Education and Acquisition Research Network (LEARN) Journal, 10(1), 148-163.
Koç, D. K. (2016). The Role of Gender in Reading Comprehension: An Analysis of College-Level EFL Students’Comprehension of Different Genres. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 3(3), 218-227.
Lauder, A. (2008). The Status and Function of English in Indonesia: A Review of Key Factors. Seri Sosial Humaniora (Social Humanities Series), 12(1), 9-20.
Lietz, P. (2010). Research into Questionnaire Design: A Summary of the Literature. International Journal of Market Research, 52(2), 249-272.
Liu, O. L. (2014). Investigating the Relationship between Test Preparation and TOEFL iBT® Performance. ETS Research Report Series (RR-14-15, p. 1-13). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
Mahyuddin, R., Elias, H., Cheong, L. S., Muhamad, M. F., Noordin, N., & Abdullah, M. C. (2006). The Relationship between Students’ Self-Efficacy and Their English Language Achievement. Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan, 21, 61-71.
Manoj, S & Hijazi, S. (2018). Test Preparation Strategies for the TOEFL Can Be Diverse and Effective. International Journal of ELT, Linguistics and Comparative Literature, 6(1), 5-9.
Mousavi, S. A., Arizavi, S., & Namdari, N. (2014). The Effect of Test Preparation on the Test Performance: The Case of the IELTS and TOEFL iBT Reading Tests. International Journal of English and Education, 3(2), 10-22.
Nguyen, T. N. H. (2007). Effects of Test Preparation on Test Performance: The Case of the IELTS and TOEFL iBT Listening Tests. Melbourne Papers in Language Testing, 12(1), 1-23.
Ningsih, T. K. (2014). The Correlation between Self-Efficacy and Reading Comprehension of Second-Grade Students at SMAN 1 Moro Karimun Regency. Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis. State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim - Pekan Baru.
Philips, D. (2003). Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test. London: Longman.
Piran, N. A. (2014). The Relationship between Self-Concept, Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem, and Reading Comprehension Achievement: Evidence from Iranian EFL Learners. International Journal of Social Sciences & Education, 5(1), 58-66.
Raoofi, S., Tan, B. H., & Chan, S. H. (2012). Self-Efficacy in Second/Foreign Language Learning Contexts. English Language Teaching, 5(11), 60-73.
Samad, I. A., Jannah, M., & Fitriani, S. S. (2017). EFL Students' Strategies Dealing with Common Difficulties in TOEFL Reading Comprehension Section. International Journal of Language Education, 1(1), 29-36.
Sariakin, S. (2016). Model-Based Development of English Language Learning Characters in Improving Students Achievement of SMA. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 4(2), 173-182.
Snow, M. S. (1998). Economic, Statistical, and Linguistic Factors Affecting Success on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). Information Economics and Policy, 10(2), 159-172.
Tilfarlioğlu, F. Y., & Cinkara, E. (2009). Self-Efficacy in EFL: Difference among Proficiency Groups and Relationship with Success. Novitas-Royal, 3(2), 129-142.
Usman, M. (2015). Teaching Model of Learning English Writing at University. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 3(3), 441-450.
Wurinanda, I. (March 10, 2016). Rata-Rata Skor TOEFL di Indonesia dibawah 500 (The Average Indonesian TOEFL Score below 500). Retrieved from https://news.okezone.com/read/2016/03/10/65/1332176/rata-rata-skor-toefl-di-indonesia-di-bawah-500.
Yoestara, M. & Putri, Z. (2019). University Students’ Self-Efficacy: A Contributing Factor in TOEFL Performance. SIELE (Studies in English Language and Education), 6(1), 117-130.
Yusuf, M. (2011). The Impact of Self-Efficacy, Achievement Motivation, and Self-Regulated Learning Strategies on Students’ Academic Achievement. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 2623–2626.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Marisa Yoestara, Zaiyana Putri (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: (1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal; (2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal; (3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
