Symbolic Violence Against Women in Medan’s Patriarchal Culture

  • Annisa Ariftha Faculty of Social Studies, State Islamic University of North Sumatera, Indonesia
  • Anang Anas Azhar Faculty of Social Studies, State Islamic University of North Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract

The study on symbolic violence against women is limited. There is still a significant degree of suspicion and stigma in society around the notion that women are weak and helpless compared to men and that women are continually the victims of patriarchal symbolic violence in terms of language, social economics, and others. This research aims to investigate how and why symbolic violence is performed against women in patriarchal cultures, the kinds of symbolic violence against women, the determinants of symbolic violence in this instance, and the effects of linguistic-symbolic violence on women in Medan Tembung. This qualitative research included seven individuals between the ages of 15 and 35. Observations and interviews were employed to collect data for this investigation. The acquired data was then examined using sociological methodologies to disclose the field phenomena and interview outcomes precisely. Furthermore, this research employs the theory of Pierre Bourdieu to comprehend symbolic violence in society. This study's results demonstrate that symbolic violence persists in society, particularly in meetings and in the form of language. The results of this research support this concept by providing evidence of symbolic violence in the form of language or particular terminology that women are not permitted to use, although males are permitted to do so, and which seem to be prevalent in daily life.

References

Agustang, A. (2020). Symbolic Violence Towards Students in the Context of the Existence of the Stereotypical Frames of Lecturers and Students in the Higher Education System in Indonesia. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(2), 249-258.
Agustang, A. (2020). The Symbolic Violence Towards Private School Students Through the Frame Stereotype in Bantaeng District of Indonesia. Prosiding ICoISSE, 1(1), 578-588.
Alfian, A. (2022). Arranged Marriages among Young Educated Muslim Women in South Sulawesi Indonesia. DINIKA: Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(1), 55-82 https://doi.org/10.22515/dinika.v7i1.4652
Almansa, A., & Postigo, I. (2003). Medios de Comunicación y Violencia de Género: Análisis del Tratamiento Informativo en el Caso Español. Violence and Media: Resources and Discourses. In II International Conference, Communication and Reality. Barcelona: Facultat de Ciències de la Comunicació Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon LLull.
Arimbi, D. A. (2011). Perempuan dan Kesalehan: Studi Kasus Politik Agama Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Airlangga dalam Gerakan Tarbiyah. Laporan Penelitian Hibah Riset Universitas Airlangga, 1-39.
Banks, M. E. (2010). Feminist Psychology and Women with Disabilities: An Emerging Alliance. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 34(4), 431-442.
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and Symbolic power. Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (2001). Masculine domination. Stanford University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/3089075
Byerly, C. M., & Ross, K. (2008). Women and Media: A Critical Introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
Carter, C. (2003). Violence and the Media. Buckingham, Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Castillo Martín, M. (2008). La Representación de las Mujeres en la Publicidad Gráfica de las Grandes Marcas. MINISTERIO DE IGUALDAD. Imaginario Cultural, Construcción de Identidades de Género y Violencia: Formación Para la Igualdad en la Adolescencia. Madrid: Instituto de la Mujer, 117-134.
Collins, P. H. (2015). Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas. Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 1-20.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage publications.
Dayanti, L. D. (2006). Potret Kekerasan Gender dalam Sinetron Komedi di Televisi. Jurnal Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, 19(3), 15-34.
Efendy, R. (2014). Kesetaraan Gender dalam Pendidikan. AL-MAIYYAH: Media Transformasi Gender dalam Paradigma Sosial Keagamaan, 7(2), 142-165.
Frasetya, V., & Nasution, N. A. (2021). Kekerasan Simbolik pada Fasilitas Ladies Parking. Al Huwiyah: Journal of Woman and Children Studies, 1(1).
Geiger, B. (2008). “Die Herstellung von Öffentlichkeit für Gewalt an Frauen. Medien-Politik- Geschlecht, Feministische Befunde zur politischen Kommunikationsforschung. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozial- wissenschaften, pp. 204-217.
Geiger, B., & Wolf, B. (2014). “Geschlechtsbasierte Gewalt und die Rolle von Medien”. AÖF (Hg.). Verantwortungsvolle Berichterstattung für ein Gewaltfreies Leben. Anregungen zur Medialen Prävention von Gewalt an Frauen und ihren Kindern. Wien, 8-26.
Gomes, R. (2003). A Mulher em Situações de Violência sob a Ótica da Saúde. In Violência sob o Olhar da Saúde: a Infrapolítica da Contemporaneidade Brasileira (pp. 199-222).
Gurrieri, L., McKenzie, M., & Bugden, M. (2019). Community Responses to Gender Portrayals in Advertising. Women’s Health Issues Paper, (15). https://apo.org.au/node/265496
Haryatmoko, J. (2010). Dominasi Penuh Muslihat: Akar Kekerasan dan Diskriminasi. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Horn, S. S., & Poteat, V. P. (2022). Developmental Changes in Young People's Evaluations of Sexual Harassment. Journal of Social Issues.
Ismail, A. (2020). Gambaran Karakteristik Mahasiswa dan Alumni Farmasi FKIK UIN Alauddin Makassar: Sebuah Tinjauan Berbasis Gender. Jurnal Sipakalebbi, 4(1), 275-288. https://doi.org/10.24252/jsipakallebbi.v4i1.14490
Kanji, H., Nursalam, N., Nawir, M., & Suardi, S. (2019). Model Integrasi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Perkhasa: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Dasar, 5(2), 104-115. https://doi.org/10.31932/jpdp.v5i2.458
Kanji, H., Nursalam, N., Nawir, M., & Suardi, S. (2020). Supporting and Inhibiting Factors of Character Education in Learning Social Studies at Primary Schools. JED (Jurnal Etika Demokrasi), 5(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.26618/jed.v5i1.2966
Macharia, S., O'Connor, D., & Ndangam, L. (2010). Who Makes the News?: Global Media Monitoring Project 2010. Toronto, Canada: World Association for Christian Communication.
Manda, D. (2020). Sexual Abuse (A Study of Child Sexual Abuse in Poleang District Bombana Regency). PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/ Egyptology, 17(2), 232-240. http://www.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/210/155
Marín, F., Vizuete, J. I. A., & Caminos, J. (2011). El Tratamiento Informativo de las Víctimas de Violencia de Género en Euskadi: “Deia”, “El Correo”, “El País” y “Gara” (2002-2009). Communication & Society, 24(2), 435-466.
Meyers, M. (1997). News Coverage of Violence Against Women: Engendering Blame (Book Review). Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 74(3), 652.
Nabil, M. F. (2018). Narasi Poligami di Kalangan Muslimah Aktivis Dakwah Kampus di Yogyakarta Konservatisme dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 12(1), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2019.12106
Recuero, R. (2015). Social Media and Symbolic Violence. Social Media+ Society, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115580332
Rusydiyah, E. F. (2016). Pendidikan Islam dan Kesetaraan Gender: Konsepsi Sosial tentang Keadilan Berpendidikan dalam Keluarga. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 4(1), 20-43. https://doi.org/10.15642/pai.2026.4.1.20-43
Stroem, I. F., Goodman, K. L., Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2022). Understanding Sexual Harassment Through an Individual and Relational Lens: Are Risk Factors the Same for Female and Male Perpetrators?. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(19-20).
Suardi, Agustang, A., & Sahabuddin, J. (2020). Model Kolaborasi Sosial Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Swasta Kecamatan Bissappu Kabupaten Bantaeng. Prosiding Seminar dan Diskusi Pendidikan Dasar, 1–11. http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/psdpd/article/view/17769
Suardi, S., Herdiansyah, H., Ramlan, H., & Mutiara, I. A. (2019). Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di SMA Jaya Negara Makassar. JED (Jurnal Etika Demokrasi), 4(1), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.26618/jed.v4i1.1983
Young, I. M. (1990). Justice and the Politics of Difference. Princeton University Press.
Published
2023-05-30
How to Cite
ARIFTHA, Annisa; AZHAR, Anang Anas. Symbolic Violence Against Women in Medan’s Patriarchal Culture. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. 709-728, may 2023. ISSN 2443-2067. Available at: <https://journal.scadindependent.org/index.php/jipeuradeun/article/view/953>. Date accessed: 22 sep. 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v11i2.953.